"A Simple Theory of the Financial Crisis; or Why
Fischer Black Still Matters,"
by T. Cowen, FAJ Vol 65(3) (2009) 17-20.
The individuals who were running large financial institutions
had an opportunity to pursue strategies that resembled,
in terms of their reward structures, going short on extreme
market volatility. Those strategies paid off for years,
but ended in disastor. Until the volatility actually arrives,
this trading position will appear to yield supernormal profits,
and indeed, the financial sector was enormously profitable
until the asset pricing bubble burst.